DOWRY CUSTOM IN INDIA : A COMPLETE GROUND ANALYSIS

Friends, I am Abhishek. An aspirant of NABARD Grade A exams. I had attended interview for Rajbhasha Adhikari, and I secured 24 out of 25 marks and clearly listened appreciation from MD of NABARD Chintala sir this year in January 2021. Unluckily, I was missing my name in final list for selection but I feel confident now and consider myself a better human being who will contribute better to the country and society. This article is not only an essay on Dowry system in India but it will reflect the dark side of the society and I will completely provide you analysis here of dowry system. This is not only a professional essay on dowry bane in flying decorative words, but it is emotions attached with someone close to me or everyone's. 

Not coming to direct to the point, let's create an environment of talk. As per legal acts "Dowry Prohibition Act", dowry is amount, or form of amount, physical, not visible or visible thing that is given either any groom or bride party. Commonly it is given by the bride's side. Actually there are two theories of defining dowry. Those who consider that dowry is right and even it should be continued, they say that father/guardian of bride offers dowry to groom to give share the equivalent amount of ancestral property to his daughter that is not about to be divided among daughters and brothers in future.

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Other side, dowry is considered as bane and illegal by some people. We cannot relate dowry to education because it is seen that more civilized people demand more dowry. Since the government of India has brought Dowry Prohibition Act, this is termed as illegal among educated individuals. Dowry system is being related with different civilization and religious show offs. There are many cults in India today who do not demand a single penny for dowry and yes we proud of them.

The demand of dowry is not as simple as reflected on media and we read on newspapers. Nowadays, after the intervention of government most of girls lodge fake FIR on husband or his relative for revenge or any other reasons. Sometimes women use Dowry Prohibition Act as tool of hypocrisy and falsehood. But there are genuine cases where girls/women are badly treated by the family. There are two types of human living on earth nowadays. Those who only create hypocrisy and only money matters to them and other side those who have real heart inside body and do not demand dowry and want eradication of this sin.

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Before discussing the propaganda and wrong happenings in India, I would like to bring some data to you so that you can think demanding and committing crime/domestic violence for the sake of dowry. For your kind information as per the NCRB (National Crime Record Bureau) about 19 women were killed daily in 2020 for the sake of dowry. There are thousand cases pending in courts in India against dowry, and we acknowledge that all the cases are not true, but the murders because of dowry are true in far extent.

One side, those who say that father of groom gives the amount to daughter in order to that ancestral property his son will get. Actually there is a rule that every daughter can claim in her paternal property even after marriage or any time in future. After the amendment in this rule brought by the government previous year many brothers, fathers, uncles and rude behavioral greedy people opposed this rule fearing of misuse of it. Yes there is going misuse of it, but legally. Government is not pressurizing the lady to do so, but if she does, she can get the property. Dowry has many forms, even before the marriage, after the marriage or later much time of marriage. Using women as tool to get others property for the personal benefits is bane in society and it is going on dramatically.

I have an experience of dowry cases in central India, I live in Madhya Pradesh and have well communication with residents of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chattisgarh etc. Most of people here like dowry and support dowry as civilization. Parents want their children provide engineering and similar courses to get hike dowry rates. People do not hesitate saying false pretending their children in which profession. Even girls' parents also think they will recover in their turn. Dowry system has created an space in blood of most of people.

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In most of cases the bride or the person who is married to a woman is unable to earn livelihood and he himself is dependent upon his parents even after much time. This results double pressure on the lady and unfortunately the lady is not that much literate to obsess it. Most of the women candidates in family also promote dowry for their children, dowry is seen as strata of living and respect among society. If someone says that dowry system has been eradicated and only uneducated people practice it, then sorry for you, your knowledge regarding this bane is low. In Madhya Pradesh, mainly in upper castes people take and give dowry as per the earnings, job type, property value he has, etc. At my work place, I often listen literate people in government job talking about the value of his service and how much he will take dowry.

Since I also live in a society and I have to follow the rules by the society. But I do not hesitate saying that dowry is a bad custom and it is playing with thousand lives of women every year. I also do not oppose it whether someone should take dowry of not, but he must understand that everyone should marry a women, a soul. If someone is marrying you for 30 Lakh of dowry, can you believe at that person what if he gets 40 Lakh from other party after marriage? Above mentioned is illustrative concepts of society, but there is different reality too. There is a form of dowry from girl side too. If someone wants to see the discrimination of hypocrisy then he must once visit any matrimonial site where he can see the demand of women/ladies wanting high paying NRI people, irrespective seeing their own strata. Dowry prohibition act has brought to control the violation against women from dowry related domestic violence, but nowadays it is being misused.

By the way, as per time people are being educated and morally improved, and this is making all the differences and there are many examples come to us rejecting dowry in their marriages. This is a good sign for society and for India. In my upcoming articles I will keep sharing valuable posts related to legal and laws so that you can be aware of dos and don'ts. 

Hope this article is useful for you. Speak out in comment section if something is happening in your mind. You can visit my YouTube Channel "DigitalSoftHub" for more updates. 

UNEMPLOYMENT VS UNDEREMPLOYMENT : WHICH IS BIGGER PROBLEM & CAUSE OF IT

 Getting justifying emoluments by a job, service, if a person can fulfill his needs without compromising livelihood's basic needs, is called employment. In this today era we have to identify the real problem between unemployment and underemployment. Actually employability has direct connection with unemployment and underemployment in India.

Unemployment vs Under-employment

    Unemployment is that situation when a person is unable to get a source of income from either a kind of government funded, private job or self startups. While underemployment is that situation when a person works for someone compromising the value addition to the work. In India underemployment seems to be bigger cause of stress and disappointment. We will gradually discuss about unemployment and underemployment now.

    Both the issues are direct related to Indian education system. In India, we are taught theoretical approach rather practical, and a scenario took place where Indian parents for their children like getting good marks on record is something like a sign of success in lives. Those students are appraised in both schools and house, and also by the society if they get good marks on record, but unfortunately the mark assigner or appraisers are those who are working underemployment.

    By a research it is found that universities like in USA, Canada, Britain etc colleges focus more on practical than theoretical knowledge unlike India where even in jobs only mere documentation is based on degrees and diplomas. From the beginning of primary education in development countries, they more focus on creativity and innovations, unlike in India, most parents, and society forces the child towards preparation of government services (to get sarkari naukari), and this is like a symbol of proud among society.

    A report on India says by the latest year unemployment rate in India is about 45% every hike in the history. This is not a new problem, in footsteps of history we can find tune of protests against unemployment in previous governments as well. Other side Chairperson of Mahindra group, Shri Anand Mahindra stated that most of the engineering graduated are not employable who are passed out for major educational institutes in India.

    One of the biggest reason of unemployment is lack of skills. Candidates appearing for joining corporate world do not get the learning, skills what is needed in industrial life. Actually, this is not the problem of an individual, but an ecosystem has been created, in India most of the universities are providing crap syllabus, better we say theoretical syllabus, that is not related to industrial working. Even most of the institutes have not updated syllabus of academic learning, yet machinery or technology has been changed.

    Other reason of production of unemployable graduates in India is lack of interest towards study. Less paid faculty are professors in colleges in India who teach without interest because they are already leading a underemployment life. Numerous colleges, academic institutes, coaching centers have been opened, and it seems like a huge business that is created for dispersing degrees, diplomas, and certificates. Many cases in India are where degrees and diplomas are sold, then how can good skilled graduates can be produced? 

    There are limited number of seats for government jobs, no doubt there may be a debate on Public Private Partnership but this is the need of time where major developed countries are following PPP footprints for nation's development. Like previously mentioned, the symbol of strata, getting a government job is like achieving everything in life, after settling in life, it is only the parameter of success in Indian society. Then in this huge maze, students forget the idea of creation and innovation. They forget for startups. This mentality need to be changed.

    Now coming to next point, when a person tries to open his own startup, he needs to have more documentation for opening a restaurant rather buying a gun. Now think a person who has already lack of fund, opens a business has to pay bribe many times, and this corruption culture stops him improving his business. There are government policies, that also need to be changed. More digitized, transparent model be created in India.

    Many reputed institutions like IIM, NIT, IIT, are delivering best education and providing the quality candidates for serving the nation. But getting into these universities is somewhere difficult and not all can get entered for academic education. These institutions more focus on practical rather theoretical knowledge. The members of faculty get huge salary compare with other common institutions, colleges in India, they are providing freelancing outside as well.

    By analyzing the reasons of unemployment we can find the reason of underemployment. When access of anything is created, demand goes less. Same alike this, huge number of graduates are produced by different degree, diploma, certificate distributors, they usually do not have that level of skills and they if have, they have to face cut throat competition. All this creates an environment to work on less money. Underemployment is that situation when a person has to work below the inflation rate, he has to compromise with aspirations. 

    A student takes hefty loan from Banks with more than 10% interest rate. After completing his academics, he has to search for job, for half of his life he pays the loan he had taken from the bank. And this is not happening with one or two students, but happening dramatically in India.

    Now the government of India as well as individual citizen should think about the importance of skills and learning rather gathering degrees, they need to understand quality education and progressive approach. Some initiatives have been taken by the government of India & separately by different state governments towards skill oriented courses i.e. PMKVY, MMKSY etc. Many big institutions like Google do not care of degree, diplomas but they care of learning, sharp mind, positive approach, and creation and innovation. The aspirants should also change mentality of the meaning of success and they need to do something different than ordinary ones.

    Hope you like this article, we are preparing for different exams, and these are my personal notes. We do analysis and research on various topics, we cross verify and try to put here for self improvement. We can shorten these essays as per words needed in descriptive English examination. You can stay tuned with us on YouTube Channel " Digital Soft Hub"

MAKE IN INDIA CAMPAIGN

 Make in India campaign was launched in 2014 where dream was to make products in India and provide employment to skilled labors, personals countrywide. This is like a product is produced in a certain region and consumed by indigenous people. 

Need of Make in India was necessary because we used to buy every single product whether it was festivals, events or normal needs. Thus we used to export less than importing, this made India's trade deficit larger. A country can progress when people living there have employment and that country make sure to maintain least trade deficit.

Since India a great and huge market since buying products from outside countries like China is really not beneficial for India's interest. We are dependent on electronic (most portion), machine, pulses etc. Even China sell India toys or such cheap products that can be made in India with least price and that will also produce employment. This made India take an initiative of "Make in India" campaign. Afterwards this campaign did not only affect morally but mentally, majority Indians made sure to buy lamps, toys, daily use cloths made in India. So it made great impact.

Even today sometimes we forget about this campaign and start buying Chinese phones, equipment, products that cause loss of employment in India and trade deficit. Actually dark side of Indian manufacturing is that we are still not so capable of producing such items like China, reasons may be different. We realized the value of "Make in India Campaign" when recently our 20 soldiers died and a campaign "Boycott China" was led by Sonam Wangchuk made us realize the power of our wallets.

In brief even today we are not focused on Make in India campaign, we feel the need of it when something occurs bad internationally for us. Any campaign cannot be succeed within days or years, it takes some time, we should always personally try to promote this campaign. need of the hour is not to only produce products make in India but also try to spread sentiment of increasing consumption of make in India products so that supply chain could be maintained, and Indian economy would keep thriving.