UNEMPLOYMENT VS UNDEREMPLOYMENT : WHICH IS BIGGER PROBLEM & CAUSE OF IT

 Getting justifying emoluments by a job, service, if a person can fulfill his needs without compromising livelihood's basic needs, is called employment. In this today era we have to identify the real problem between unemployment and underemployment. Actually employability has direct connection with unemployment and underemployment in India.

Unemployment vs Under-employment

    Unemployment is that situation when a person is unable to get a source of income from either a kind of government funded, private job or self startups. While underemployment is that situation when a person works for someone compromising the value addition to the work. In India underemployment seems to be bigger cause of stress and disappointment. We will gradually discuss about unemployment and underemployment now.

    Both the issues are direct related to Indian education system. In India, we are taught theoretical approach rather practical, and a scenario took place where Indian parents for their children like getting good marks on record is something like a sign of success in lives. Those students are appraised in both schools and house, and also by the society if they get good marks on record, but unfortunately the mark assigner or appraisers are those who are working underemployment.

    By a research it is found that universities like in USA, Canada, Britain etc colleges focus more on practical than theoretical knowledge unlike India where even in jobs only mere documentation is based on degrees and diplomas. From the beginning of primary education in development countries, they more focus on creativity and innovations, unlike in India, most parents, and society forces the child towards preparation of government services (to get sarkari naukari), and this is like a symbol of proud among society.

    A report on India says by the latest year unemployment rate in India is about 45% every hike in the history. This is not a new problem, in footsteps of history we can find tune of protests against unemployment in previous governments as well. Other side Chairperson of Mahindra group, Shri Anand Mahindra stated that most of the engineering graduated are not employable who are passed out for major educational institutes in India.

    One of the biggest reason of unemployment is lack of skills. Candidates appearing for joining corporate world do not get the learning, skills what is needed in industrial life. Actually, this is not the problem of an individual, but an ecosystem has been created, in India most of the universities are providing crap syllabus, better we say theoretical syllabus, that is not related to industrial working. Even most of the institutes have not updated syllabus of academic learning, yet machinery or technology has been changed.

    Other reason of production of unemployable graduates in India is lack of interest towards study. Less paid faculty are professors in colleges in India who teach without interest because they are already leading a underemployment life. Numerous colleges, academic institutes, coaching centers have been opened, and it seems like a huge business that is created for dispersing degrees, diplomas, and certificates. Many cases in India are where degrees and diplomas are sold, then how can good skilled graduates can be produced? 

    There are limited number of seats for government jobs, no doubt there may be a debate on Public Private Partnership but this is the need of time where major developed countries are following PPP footprints for nation's development. Like previously mentioned, the symbol of strata, getting a government job is like achieving everything in life, after settling in life, it is only the parameter of success in Indian society. Then in this huge maze, students forget the idea of creation and innovation. They forget for startups. This mentality need to be changed.

    Now coming to next point, when a person tries to open his own startup, he needs to have more documentation for opening a restaurant rather buying a gun. Now think a person who has already lack of fund, opens a business has to pay bribe many times, and this corruption culture stops him improving his business. There are government policies, that also need to be changed. More digitized, transparent model be created in India.

    Many reputed institutions like IIM, NIT, IIT, are delivering best education and providing the quality candidates for serving the nation. But getting into these universities is somewhere difficult and not all can get entered for academic education. These institutions more focus on practical rather theoretical knowledge. The members of faculty get huge salary compare with other common institutions, colleges in India, they are providing freelancing outside as well.

    By analyzing the reasons of unemployment we can find the reason of underemployment. When access of anything is created, demand goes less. Same alike this, huge number of graduates are produced by different degree, diploma, certificate distributors, they usually do not have that level of skills and they if have, they have to face cut throat competition. All this creates an environment to work on less money. Underemployment is that situation when a person has to work below the inflation rate, he has to compromise with aspirations. 

    A student takes hefty loan from Banks with more than 10% interest rate. After completing his academics, he has to search for job, for half of his life he pays the loan he had taken from the bank. And this is not happening with one or two students, but happening dramatically in India.

    Now the government of India as well as individual citizen should think about the importance of skills and learning rather gathering degrees, they need to understand quality education and progressive approach. Some initiatives have been taken by the government of India & separately by different state governments towards skill oriented courses i.e. PMKVY, MMKSY etc. Many big institutions like Google do not care of degree, diplomas but they care of learning, sharp mind, positive approach, and creation and innovation. The aspirants should also change mentality of the meaning of success and they need to do something different than ordinary ones.

    Hope you like this article, we are preparing for different exams, and these are my personal notes. We do analysis and research on various topics, we cross verify and try to put here for self improvement. We can shorten these essays as per words needed in descriptive English examination. You can stay tuned with us on YouTube Channel " Digital Soft Hub"